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In this chapter we'll focus exclusively on reports and in particular on the use of the third-party reporting Rave engine included in Delphi 7. If you are interested in other Delphi techniques for driving the printer, see the related material on my website discussed in Appendix C, "Free Companion Books on Delphi". Reporting tools are important because they can perform complex processing by themselves: the reporting subsystem can become a stand-alone application.
Although this chapter focuses on how you can produce a report from the dataset within your Delphi programs, you should always keep in mind the autonomous nature of reports evaluating such a tool. Reports must be created with care, because they represent a user interface for your applications that goes beyond and is sometimes more significant than the software itself. Many more people will probably look at the printed reports than just the users who produce the reports using the programs.
For this reason, it's important to have good-quality reports and a flexible architecture to let users customize them.
This chapter was written with the help of Jim Gunkel of Nevrona Designs, the company that developed the Rave engine. Reports are a primary means of retrieving information from the data being managed by an application. To solve the problems associated with presenting a visual report of data in a meaningful and informative manner, traditional visual reporting applications have offered banded layout tools geared toward table-style data listings.
Today, however, more complex reporting requirements exist that are not easily handled by banded layout tools. Rave Reports is a visual report design environment offering many unique features that help make the reporting process simpler, quicker, and more efficient. Rave can handle a wide variety of report formats and includes advanced technologies such as mirroring, to encourage the reuse of report contents for quicker changes and easier maintenance.
This chapter presents a brief introduction to Rave's features. Additional information about Rave can be found in the online Help files, in the PDF documentation on Delphi's CD, in several demo projects, and on the producer's website, www. A key feature of Rave—and one of the reasons Borland chose it over other solutions—is that it is a completely cross-platform solution you can use on both Windows and Linux. When you activate this environment, you'll see a window like that shown in Figure Figure Any time you want to see the result of your efforts, press F9 in the Rave Designer for a preview of the current report.
Keep in mind that Rave allows your end users to create or modify their own reports. You can also lock features of the report so they cannot be modified. The central portion of the Rave Designer window hosts the Page Designer where you lay out the report and the Event Editor where you can provide scripts to customize the report at run time. The Page Designer is the most noticeable aspect of Rave. This page is the foundation of a report, where you perform all the designing actions. The page displays a grid pattern, although you can change the look and feel of the page with the preference settings.
The names of the current pages being designed appear in the tabs above the Page Designer Page1 in the figure. The Event Editor allows you to define custom scripting code for the report components. Each component has several different types of events that can be used for calculations, string manipulation, or custom report logic. The Event Editor is an advanced feature of Rave; I'll cover it briefly at the end of this chapter. The Property panel at left in the Rave Designer helps you customize the way components appear or behave.
This panel has a role similar to that of Delphi's Object Inspector: When a component is selected on the page, the Property panel reflects the selection by displaying the different properties associated with that component.
If no component is selected, the Property panel is blank. Also as in the Delphi IDE, you can change a property value by editing the contents of the edit box, selecting an option from a drop-down list, or bringing up an editor dialog. You can double-click on any property that has a list of choices instead of clicking on the down arrow button and selecting the option to advance to the next item in the list. The Project Tree panel on the right side of the designer is very informative.
It also provides an easy way to navigate a report project's structure. Report Library Contains all the reports within the project. Each report has one or more pages. Each of those pages will normally include one or more components. Global Page Catalog Manages reporting templates. The reporting templates can contain one or more components and can then be reused via Rave's mirroring technology.
They can include items such as letter headings and footers, pre-printed forms, watermark designs, or complete page definitions that can be the foundation for other reports. You can think of the Global Page Catalog as a repository—a central location for you to store reporting items you want to be able to access from multiple reports.
Data View Dictionary Defines all the data views and other data-related objects for reports. However, unlike in Delphi which uses the tabbed Component Palette exclusively for components , in Rave you can place either type of toolbar in the open area at the top of the designer or dock them in the tabbed Toolbar Palette.
At first this process can be confusing, but after you arrange the toolbars to suit your needs using the Dock and Undock shortcut menu commands, and not by dragging them as you'd expect you'll probably find it quite flexible. I'll describe the component toolbars in more detail later in this chapter.
For the moment, suffice to say that other component toolbars may be present if you've installed add-on packages in the Rave Designer, and that components can be rearranged in the toolbars. Editor toolbars have the ability to change or modify the project or existing components. Here is summary of the commands they host:. Project Toolbar Similar to a component toolbar, because it lets you create new report, page, and data object components in the report project.
The Project toolbar can also be used to create new report projects, save and load existing report projects, and send the current report to the printer or preview. Alignment Toolbar Has numerous tools for aligning and positioning components on a page.
The first component selected often determines the benchmark for an alignment operation. The tap buttons let you move components in very small increments. Fills Toolbar Provides the fill style for shapes such as rectangles and circles. Lines Toolbar Allows you to change the border widths and styles of lines and borders.
Colors Toolbar Determines primary and secondary colors normally foreground and background, respectively. The left mouse button selects the primary color, and the right mouse button selects the secondary color. Eight custom color boxes are available for commonly used custom colors. Double-clicking on the primary or secondary color box at right on the toolbar opens the Color Editor dialog, which provides additional color selection tools.
Zoom Toolbar Provides many tools that allow the Page Designer to zoom in or out for easier editing. At the bottom of the Rave Designer is the status bar. The status bar provides information about the direct data view connection status and the mouse position and sizing.
The data connection LED's color tells you the status of the Rave data system DirectDataViews : gray and green indicate an inactive or active connection, respectively; yellow and red indicate specific data access situations respectively, waiting for response or a time-out.
The X and Y values are the coordinates of the mouse pointer in page units. When you're dropping a component on the page, if you don't release the mouse button, the size of the component will be shown by the dX and dY values d stands for delta. To connect this report to your Delphi 7 application you use the Rave page, which provides a series of components. The central component is RvProject.
Place this component on a form or data module, set its ProjectFile property to a Rave file, and write this event handler code for a button:. You now have a working application the RavePrint example among the source code files that can print a report and that includes an embedded print preview feature, as you can see in Figure The referenced file should be distributed separately, and can be modified without having to change the Delphi program.
As an alternative, you can also embed the. The entire Rave engine is fully cross-platform. NDR formatted files are of a proprietary binary format and store all information needed by the rendering components to reproduce the report in a wide variety of formats. Many properties are available to customize the user interface, and override events can be defined to replace the standard dialogs with custom versions.
Rave's rendering engine can convert this internal representation to a wide variety of formats. To let a user choose one of the target file formats, drop the desired render components within a form of your Delphi program. When running the RvProject component's Execute method as in the RavePrint example , you can choose one of the file formats in the dialog box displayed by Rave and visible in Figure A ScrollBox component is used to display the report pages, and many methods and properties are available to create custom preview dialogs.
Unless you need a custom print preview, you should use the RvSystem component for previewing instead of RvRenderPreview. Unless you need a custom printing or previewing interface, you do not need to use this component—RvSystem provides standard printing functionality.
You can use properties and events to customize the type of output that is created and to provide compression support. Each page is rendered to a separate page and can be combined with templates for greater output control. The RTF format uses field areas for accurate positioning and reproduction of the report. Many graphical commands and components, such as lines and rectangles, are ignored during text rendering.
In addition to letting a user choose a file format in the dialog, rendering can be done programmatically. For example, to convert a report to a PDF file directly, you can write the following code taken again from the RavePrint example :. Data connection components provide a link between data contained in a Delphi application and the DirectDataViews available in the Rave Designer. Notice that the value defined in the Name property for each data connection component is used to provide the link with the Rave report.
For this reason, take care to avoid changing the component names after the DirectDataViews are created in Rave. RvCustomConnection Provides data to Rave reports using programmed events and can be used to send non-database data to a visual report. Using the FieldAliasList property, you can also modify the names of the dataset fields, replacing them with more legible names for the developers or end users building the report.
If you need sorting or filtering for lookups or master-detail relationships within the Rave reports, you can handle the OnSetSort and OnSetFilter events. Rave natively provides sorting and filtering support for table connections. To refer to the data exposed by the Delphi program, you need to add a data view by clicking the New Data Object button on the Project toolbar, selecting the Direct Data View option more details on the other alternatives later , and choosing an available connection.
The list you'll see depends on the connections available in the project currently active in the Delphi IDE. You can now create a report with the help of a wizard. Select the data view you should have only one if you've followed these steps , and in the following window choose the dataset fields you want to include in your report. You should see a report like the one shown in Figure As you can see the in the Project Tree, the wizard generated a report page with a Region containing three Band components: one for the title, one for the table header, and a data-aware band for the items.
I'll cover the details of using these components in the section "Regions and Bands," later in this chapter; for the moment, I wanted to build and let you experiment with a working example. The previous section discussed the Rave components available in Delphi, because when you use this reporting engine you'll do most of your work in the report designer. The core element of a report available at the top of the Project Tree view is the RaveProject component, also called the Project Manager.
This is not a component you drop on a report, because there is always only one object of this type in every report as there is one global Application object in a Delphi program. The RaveProject component is the owner of all the other report components. Like every component in Rave, the Project Manager has properties. Doing so will create a new file, as well as the new Project Manager. Hola Amig s: La verdad me vino bien esta ayuda, asi que felicidades y muchas gracias.
Publicar un comentario. Abrimos Delphi y creamos un formulario de prueba. En su propiedad Database seleccionamos BaseDatos. Insertamos en el formulario un componente TRvProject y lo llamamos Proyecto. Insertamos otro componente de TRvSystem y lo llamamos Sistema.
Asociamos este componente con TRvProject con su propiedad Engine. En su propiedad DataSet elegimos TClientes. Seleccionamos Direct Data View y pulsamos Next. Lo seleccionamos y pulsamos Finish.
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